Information design in its widest sense is about the selection, organisation and presentation of information to a given audience. The information itself can come from almost any source such as a weather map or timetable listing travel departures. Unlike much of advertising and marketing design, in which the object is to persuade the user into a course of action, information design tries to present all of the objective data required to enable the user to make some kind of decision.
The information is usually only of value to us if it includes material that we are not already aware of. The designer is given a set of information- wether of raw data, a set of actions or a process, and must turn them into a visual process capable of revealing its essence in terms which a particular audience can grasp easily.
Most information graphics falls into three categories. The first involves information presented as an organised arrangement of facts or data, such as a timetable or map, from which users are free to extract only that information which they need for a given purpose. The second involves information presented as means of understanding a situation or process, such as a guide book or stage by stage description on how to get a machine to operate. The third involves design of control systems.
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